Novel immunohistochemical marker in the differential diagnosis of sex cord-stromal tumors: SF-1

Authors

  • Aslihan Alpaslan Duman Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
  • Deniz Ates Ozdemir Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
  • Ferah Tuncel Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
  • Alp Usubutun Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
  • Alp Usubutun Department of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

Keywords:

Immunohistochemistry, differential diagnosis, NR5A1/SF-1, sex cord-stromal tumors

Abstract

Aim: Sex cord-stromal tumors are relatively uncommon tumors which constitute approximately 8% of all primary ovarian neoplasms. Morphologic differentiation of non-SCST from SCSTs can be challenging due to microscopic overlap. Immunohistochemistry is beneficial in challenging cases. Inhibin and calretinin have limited sensitivity and specificity, a more sensitive marker is required. SF-1 is known as a promising immunohistochemical marker in the differentiation of SCST from non-SCST ovarian tumors. For this purpose, various non-SCSTs (metastatic and non-metastatic) having morphologic overlap with SCSTs, and multiple SCSTs were stained with SF-1 antibody to elucidate its importance in morphologically challenging cases.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-three SCST, 40 non-SCSTs, and an ectopic adrenal tissue were stained with SF-1, and also the percentage and the intensity were scored. SF-1 immunoreactivity was seen in all 23 SCST with varying degrees of intensity and percentage. In contrast, non-SCSTs were negative in all regarding to SF-1. Ectopic adrenal gland tissue and ovarian stroma are positive as non-tumoral lesions.
Results: In our series, SF-1 immunoreactivity was seen in all 23 SCST and ectopic adrenal tissue with varying degrees of intensity and diffuseness. In contrast, non-SCSTs were all negative concerning SF-1. In addition; we observed nuclear positivity with SF-1 in 15-75% of the sclerosing stromal tumor cells, whereas inhibin and calretinin were negative in all 4 cases.
Conclusion: Our data shows that SF-1 is a nuclear, reliable and surrogate marker for all SCSTs, and can be used routinely.

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Published

2022-01-24

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Original Articles

How to Cite

1.
Novel immunohistochemical marker in the differential diagnosis of sex cord-stromal tumors: SF-1. Ann Med Res [Internet]. 2022 Jan. 24 [cited 2025 Apr. 3];29(1):0036-40. Available from: http://annalsmedres.org/index.php/aomr/article/view/4019