Annals of Medical Research
type: channel
publisher: Inonu University
language: en
publication name: Annals of Medical Research
issn: 2636-7688
copyright: CC Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0
items: The mediatory role of coping styles in the relationship between mindfulness in parenting and burnout in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder
items: Evaluation of first-trimester PAPP-A and β-hCG levels in isolated single umbilical artery pregnancies and their association with adverse perinatal outcomes
items: Prognostic value of CA 19-9 elimination rate for mortality in metastatic pancreatic cancer
items: Safe analgesic alternatives in patients with NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease: The role of tramadol and celecoxib
items: Age-related patterns of allergen sensitization and clinical phenotypes in adults with rhinitis
items: The role of autism symptoms on eating behavior in children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A preliminary study
items: Posterior tibial slope in adults with sequelae of Osgood-Schlatter disease: An MRI study
items: Morton’s neuroma or its mimics: Diagnostic yield of magnetic resonance imaging and radiographic markers in patients referred with a clinical suspicion
items: Real-world efficacy of ramucirumab plus paclitaxel with or without nivolumab in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers
items: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and contralateral ear hearing thresholds in unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss
items: The role of mood in complex regional pain syndrome: Cause or consequence?
items: Volumetric MRI analysis of the pineal gland and brain ventricles in patients with migraine
items: Evaluation of conventional histopathological scoring in breast carcinoma using artificial intelligence technologies
items: Effect of adding bone marrow aspirate injection to core decompression on clinical outcomes in the treatment of femoral head avascular necrosis
items: Low dose cytarabine-induced posterior reversible encepalopathy syndrome with atypical features
items: Renal outcomes of children with ectopic kidneys: A single-center experience
items: Prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases and associated risk factors among primary school children in the Malatya region
items: Evaluation of clinical and neonatal outcomes of cancer in pregnancy and patients in remission
items: Evaluation of muscle strength and range of motion of upper extremity in breast cancer-related lymphedema
items: Comparison of neuroendocrine responses between caudal block and local infiltration techniques in pediatric inguinal hernia surgery: A prospective comparative clinical study
items: Eating behaviors in individuals over the age of 18 years who applied to a family health center and the associated factors
items: In silico characterization of missense mutations in PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling genes in breast cancer and their role in therapeutic resistance
items: Intraventricular migration of intraocular silicone oil: A rare case with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings
items: The effect of tartrazine and thymoquinone on the antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation in brain tissue
items: Association of hOGG1 and APE1 gene polymorphisms with disease severity in ulcerative colitis: A case-control study
items: Metabolic imaging of head and neck lesions: Differentiating dental and maxillofacial conditions using positron emission tomography/computed tomography
items: Pan-immune inflammation value in systemic lupus erythematosus: Is it associated with organ involvement?
items: Examination of thoracic deformities in patients with different clinical types of cerebral palsy
items: Evaluation of clinical, radiological characteristics, and treatment outcomes of pediatric pseudotumor cerebri syndrome cases
items: A comparative study of nerve-sparing techniques in open radical prostatectomy: Antegrade versus retrograde

The mediatory role of coping styles in the relationship between mindfulness in parenting and burnout in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder
type: item
description: Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between mindfulness in the mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)and coping with stress styles and parental burnout, and to test the mediatory role of coping with stress styles. Materials and Methods: The research was performed using a cross-sectional design. Seventy-one mothers of children with ASD were included in the study. The participants were administered the Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire, Ways of Coping Questionnaire, and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Relationships were examined using correlation analysis, and mediating effects were examined using the bootstrap method. Results: Mindfulness in parenting exhibited a negative correlation with the burnout depersonalization subdimension (r = -0.337, p = .008) and a significant positive correlation with the personal accomplishment subdimension (r = 0.548, p ˂ .001). Mediation analysis showed that the helpless approach (b= -0.045, BootSE=0.029, 95% BCa CI [–0.117, –0.003]) and submissive approach (b= 0.031, BootSE=0.018, 95% BCa CI [0.002, 0.073]) coping styles played a mediating role in the protective effect of mindfulness on depersonalization. However, coping styles did not have a statistically significant mediating role in the effects of mindfulness on emotional exhaustion or personal accomplishment. Conclusion: The results suggest that mindfulness-based interventions may be effective in reducing burnout in mothers of children with ASD by targeting negative coping strategies. Therefore, integrating psychoeducational components into intervention programs to help mothers recognize nonfunctional coping styles is recommended.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Autism spectrum disorder
  topic: keywords
subject: Mindfulness in parenting
  topic: keywords
subject: Parental burnout
  topic: keywords
subject: Coping styles
  topic: keywords
subject: Mediation analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Orhan Kocaman
creator: Tayfun Kara
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 128
ending page: 135

Evaluation of first-trimester PAPP-A and β-hCG levels in isolated single umbilical artery pregnancies and their association with adverse perinatal outcomes
type: item
description: Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the association between first-trimester biochemical markers—pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG)—and adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by isolated single umbilical artery (SUA). Materials and Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted at a tertiary perinatology center between January 2023 and January 2025. The study group included 266 pregnant women diagnosed with isolated SUA, and the control group included 266 healthy singleton First-trimester serum PAPP-A and β-hCG MoM values were compared between groups. Composite adverse perinatal outcome (CAPO) was defined as the presence of at least one of the following: preterm birth, fetal growth restriction (FGR), oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios, intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) or NICU admission. Results: Although PAPP-A MoM levels were not significantly different between the SUA and control groups, PAPP-A values were significantly lower in SUA cases that developed CAPO (p<0.001). ROC analysis revealed that a PAPP-A cut-off <0.65 predicted CAPO with 2% sensitivity and 72.2% specificity (AUC=0.704, p<0.001). Conclusion: Low first-trimester PAPP-A levels may serve as a moderate predictor of adverse perinatal outcomes in isolated SUA PAPP-A may help guide risk stratification and antenatal surveillance intensity in this β-hCG MoM levels were higher in SUA cases than controls (p<0.001), but no significant difference was found between SUA cases with and without CAPO (p>0.05).
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Single umbilical artery
  topic: keywords
subject: Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A
  topic: keywords
subject: Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin
  topic: keywords
subject: Pregnancy outcome
  topic: keywords
creator: Merve Ayas Ozkan
creator: Ruken Dayanan
creator: Dilara Duygulu Bulan
creator: Fatma Dilan Karaca
creator: Islam Aslanli
creator: Nazan Vanli Tonyali
creator: Ali Turhan Caglar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 121
ending page: 127

Prognostic value of CA 19-9 elimination rate for mortality in metastatic pancreatic cancer
type: item
description: Aim: To evaluate the prognostic value of the CA 19-9 elimination rate on survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. Materials and Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 103 adult patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who received systemic therapy. The CA 19-9 elimination rate was calculated using baseline and 3-month values. The optimal cut-off value was determined using maximally selected rank statistics. Overall survival was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Results: The mean age of the patients was 64±10.1 years, and the overall mortality rate during follow-up was 87.4%. No significant differences were observed between mortality groups with respect to demographic, clinical, or pathological characteristics (all p>0.05). The optimal cut-off value for the elimination rate (ER) was 2.33 (ER ≥ 2.33: high elimination; < 2.33: low elimination). Median overall survival was 25 months (95% CI: 17–31) in the high-elimination group and 8 months (95% CI: 7–14) in the low-elimination group (p = 0.043). The 12-, 36-, and 60-month survival rates were 80.4%, 18.3%, and 11% in the high-elimination group, compared with 37.6%, 2.2%, and 0% in the low-elimination group. Conclusion: The CA 19-9 elimination rate is a significant prognostic biomarker for survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. A higher elimination rate is associated with improved short- and long-term survival outcomes, suggesting its potential utility for risk stratification and for assessing treatment response in clinical practice.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pancreatic cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: CA 19-9
  topic: keywords
subject: Elimination rate
  topic: keywords
subject: Metastatic disease
  topic: keywords
subject: Prognostic biomarker
  topic: keywords
creator: Ilker Nihat Okten
creator: Tuba Baydas
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 136
ending page: 142

Safe analgesic alternatives in patients with NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease: The role of tramadol and celecoxib
type: item
description: Aim: This study aimed to determine which analgesic agents can be safely administered to patients with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug–exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) and to evaluate the safety of tramadol as a potential alternative. Materials and Methods: A total of 51 patients (34 females, 17 males; mean age 39.5 ± 14.2 years) with a history of NSAID hypersensitivity were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent oral drug provocation tests with celecoxib, paracetamol, nimesulide, meloxicam, and tramadol. In patients with a history of hypersensitivity to a single NSAID, negative skin test results were followed by an oral aspirin challenge to confirm N-ERD. Reaction rates among analgesics were compared using Cochran’s Q test, followed by Dunn–Bonferroni pairwise analysis. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Eleven patients (21.6%) had hypersensitivity to a single NSAID; all demonstrated negative skin test results but positive aspirin challenge outcomes, indicating a non–IgE-mediated mechanism. Celecoxib and tramadol showed significantly lower reaction rates compared with nimesulide, paracetamol, and meloxicam (p<0.001). More than half of the cohort (52.9%) required moderate- or high-dose inhaled corticosteroids, while 25.5% of patients with severe asthma were receiving biologic therapy. Conclusion: Celecoxib and tramadol were well tolerated in all patients with N-ERD, suggesting that these agents are safe and effective analgesic alternatives. Individualized evaluation and supervised provocation testing remain essential to ensure safety before clinical use.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Celecoxib
  topic: keywords
subject: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug–exacerbated respiratory disease
  topic: keywords
subject: Safe alternative analgesic
  topic: keywords
subject: Tramadol
  topic: keywords
creator: Saltuk Bugra Kaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 099
ending page: 103

Age-related patterns of allergen sensitization and clinical phenotypes in adults with rhinitis
type: item
description: Aim: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic condition that frequently coexists with asthma or urticaria. Allergen sensitization patterns vary by geography, environmental exposure, and age; however, data on adult and elderly populations remain limited. Understanding age-related sensitization trends is essential for optimizing diagnosis, prevention, and allergen immunotherapy (AIT) strategies. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 1,982 adults diagnosed with rhinitis, drawn from 7,000 patients who underwent skin-prick testing at a tertiary allergy clinic in Türkiye. Patients were categorized by age as young (18–39 years), middle-aged (40–64 years), or elderly (≥65 years), and further classified according to clinical presentation as rhinitis alone, rhinitis with asthma, rhinitis with urticaria, or rhinitis with both asthma and urticaria. Polysensitization was defined as sensitization to ≥2 allergens, and complex polysensitization as sensitization across distinct allergen groups. Results: Overall, 58.5% (n=1160) of patients demonstrated sensitization, with rates declining with age (62.0%, 52.7%, and 29.5%, respectively; p< .001). Among sensitized patients, 53.4% showed monosensitization and 46.6% showed polysensitization, of whom 63.3% exhibited complex patterns. Young adults, who most frequently presented with rhinitis alone (86.0%), were mainly sensitized to grass (29.5%), weed pollen (24.7%), and cat dander (13.0%); these rates were all significantly higher than those in middle-aged and elderly adults (p<0.01). Middle-aged and elderly adults, in contrast, showed significantly higher rates of mite sensitization than younger adults (up to 66.7%; p< .001 for both age groups). In these age groups, rhinitis was more frequently accompanied by asthma (10.3%) or urticaria (14.6%) (p< .01). Conclusion: Allergen sensitization among adults with rhinitis demonstrates a dynamic, age-dependent pattern. Sensitization to pollen and pets predominates in younger…
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Allergic rhinitis
  topic: keywords
subject: Allergen sensitization
  topic: keywords
subject: Polysensitization
  topic: keywords
subject: Asthma
  topic: keywords
subject: Urticaria
  topic: keywords
creator: Tugba Onalan
creator: Fatih Colkesen
creator: Mehmet Emin Gerek
creator: Fatma Arzu Akkus
creator: Mehmet Kilinc
creator: Filiz Sadi Aykan
creator: Sevket Arslan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 113
ending page: 120

The role of autism symptoms on eating behavior in children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A preliminary study
type: item
description: Aim: The literature highlights the overlap between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), yet the impact of subclinical autistic traits on feeding behavior in ADHD populations remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate eating behaviors in children diagnosed with ADHD compared with those of typically developing peers, and to assess how elevated autistic traits influence eating behaviors within the ADHD group. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative design was employed, involving 67 children with ADHD and 75 healthy controls. Data were collected using the Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Within the ADHD group, participants were stratified by the presence of autistic traits. Group comparisons and correlational analyses were conducted to examine associations between autistic traits and feeding behaviors. Results: Compared with controls, children with ADHD exhibited significantly higher Desire to Drink scores and lower Emotional Under-Eating scores. Within the ADHD group, those with autistic traits had significantly higher Food Fussiness scores than those without autistic traits. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations between total SRS scores and multiple CEBQ subscales, including Emotional Overeating, Desire to Drink, Satiety Responsiveness, and Food Fussiness. Subscales, such as Pathognomonic Autistic Behaviors and Reciprocal Social Behavior, were especially predictive of disordered eating patterns. Conclusion: Findings suggest that autistic traits—even at subclinical levels—are significantly associated with maladaptive eating behaviors in children with ADHD. These results emphasize the importance of transdiagnostic approaches in clinical assessments, moving beyond categorical diagnoses. Understanding the dimensional interplay between ADHD symptoms and autistic traits may improve early nutritional interventions and individualize…
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Autism spectrum disorder
  topic: keywords
subject: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
  topic: keywords
subject: Children
  topic: keywords
subject: Eating behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: Subclinical traits
  topic: keywords
subject: Social responsiveness
  topic: keywords
creator: Merve Yazici
creator: Yuksel Sumeyra Naralan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 104
ending page: 112

Posterior tibial slope in adults with sequelae of Osgood-Schlatter disease: An MRI study
type: item
description: Aim: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assisted evaluation of the lateral and medial posterior tibial slopes in patients with Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) sequelae who have reached skeletal maturity. Materials and Methods: The study population comprised 78 adults with OSD sequelae, while the control group consisted of 78 age-, sex-, and side-matched individuals without osseous, ligamentous, or tendinous pathology. A retrospective analysis of knee MRI scans was performed. The medial and lateral posterior tibial slope (PTS) angles were calculated from the sagittal T1-weighted images. Results: Demographic variables (age, sex, and side) were statistically similar among the two groups. The medial PTS was 4.01° (95% CI: 3.41–4.61) in the OSD group and 3.90° (95% CI: 3.33–4.47) in the control group (p = 0.784; Cohen's d = 0.04). The lateral PTS was 4.98° (95% CI: 4.46–5.51) and 4.85° (95% CI: 4.29–5.41) respectively (p = 0.732; Cohen's d = 0.05). Post-hoc power analysis indicated that, with the current sample size (n = 78 per group), the study had >80% power to detect a medium effect size (Cohen's d = 0.50) at α = 0.05; however, the observed differences corresponded to trivial effect sizes. Conclusion: Contrary to findings in adolescents, skeletally mature adults with OSD sequelae did not exhibit statistical variation in medial or lateral PTS compared to matched controls. These results imply that changes in slopes described during growth may be lost after maturity.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Osgood-Schlatter disease
  topic: keywords
subject: Adult
  topic: keywords
subject: Posterior tibial slope
  topic: keywords
subject: Magnetic resonance imaging
  topic: keywords
creator: Betul Akdal Dolek
creator: Halil Tekdemir
creator: Semra Duran
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-02-25
publication date: 2026-02-25
starting page: 086
ending page: 090

Morton’s neuroma or its mimics: Diagnostic yield of magnetic resonance imaging and radiographic markers in patients referred with a clinical suspicion
type: item
description: Aim: To determine the prevalence of Morton’s neuroma (MN) among patients referred with a clinical suspicion of MN, identify alternative diagnoses, and assess whether angular measurements and the Vulcan sign may help differentiate. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 265 feet from 244 patients (mean age, 50.7±13.0 years; 75% female) referred for magnetic resonance imaging with a presumptive diagnosis of MN between January 2020 and June 2025. All patients underwent radiography and magnetic resonance imaging. Morphometric parameters, including the hallux valgus angle, intermetatarsal angle, and interphalangeal angle (IPA), were measured according to the affected web space (2/3 or 3/4). The Vulcan sign was documented on radiographs. Statistical comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: MN was diagnosed in 167 feet (63.0%), while alternative diagnoses were in 98 (37.0%). Bursitis (32.8%), hallux valgus (30.9%), adventitial bursitis (24.5%), hallux rigidus (12.5%), and stress reaction (8.3%) were the most frequent mimics. The 3/4 IPA was significantly greater in MN than in non-MN feet (p<0.001).ROC analysis confirmed limited discriminatory performance, with the 3/4 IPA achieving an AUC of 0.60. Comparisons between bursitis and non-bursitis groups revealed no significant differences in any angular parameters. The Vulcan sign was significantly associated with MN in both the 2nd (p=0.006) and 3rd (p<0.001) web spaces, but no discriminatory value was found for bursitis. Its diagnostic performance was higher in the third web space (AUC 0.62) than in the second (AUC 0.51). Conclusion: This is the first study conducted exclusively in patients referred with a clinical suspicion of MN. The 3/4 IPA demonstrated a modest yet significant association with MN, while the Vulcan sign showed relative specificity for MN compared with bursitis. These results underscore the importance of detailed assessment in cli…
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Morton’s neuroma
  topic: keywords
subject: Metatarsalgia
  topic: keywords
subject: Magnetic resonance imaging
  topic: keywords
subject: Radiography
  topic: keywords
subject: Diagnostic imaging
  topic: keywords
subject: Bursitis
  topic: keywords
creator: Gizem Timocin Yigman
creator: Hande Ozen Atalay
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-02-25
publication date: 2026-02-25
starting page: 079
ending page: 085

Real-world efficacy of ramucirumab plus paclitaxel with or without nivolumab in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers
type: item
description: Aim: This study primarily aimed to assess the efficacy of second-line ramucirumab (RAM) plus paclitaxel (PTX) in patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancers and to compare its outcomes with those of RAM+PTX plus immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) in real-world practice. The secondary objective was to assess the safety of RAM+PTX (±ICI) and to explore its efficacy in later-line settings. Materials and Methods: This single-center study retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathologic data of patients with advanced gastric/GEJ cancer treated with RAM+PTX, with or without an ICI, in second-line or later settings between January 2018 and September 2024. Efficacy was evaluated based on the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). We analyzed efficacy outcomes by treatment line. Results: We identified 46 patients (female, 54.3%) who received RAM+PTX (±ICI). In the second-line setting, 27 patients (58.7%) received RAM+PTX, and 10 patients (21.7%) received RAM+PTX plus nivolumab. The ORRs were 18.5% and 30.0% (p = 0.66), and the DCRs were 55.6% and 80% (p = 0.26), respectively. The addition of nivolumab did not significantly improve survival outcomes (median PFS, 4.3 vs. 3.1 months; HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.44-1.98; p = 0.85; median OS, 7.8 vs. 9.6 months; HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.35-1.91; p = 0.64). Age ≥50 years (HR, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.24-6.78; p = 0.014) and the presence of ascites (HR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.14-7.16; p = 0.025) were independently associated with poorer OS. Conclusion: The real-world efficacy of RAM+PTX as second-line therapy in advanced gastric/GEJ cancers is consistent with the results of randomized trials, though grade ≥3 adverse events were more frequent. While adding nivolumab did not confer a statistically significant benefit, a numerical improvement in ORR and DCR indicates potential value that warrants further prospective evaluation.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Immunotherapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Stomach neoplasms
  topic: keywords
subject: VEGFR-2
  topic: keywords
subject: Ramucirumab
  topic: keywords
creator: Bahadır Köylü
creator: Cevat İlteriş Kıkılı
creator: Fatih Kemik
creator: Nazan Demir
creator: Özkan Alan
creator: Şahin Laçin
creator: Fatih Selçukbiricik
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 091
ending page: 098

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and contralateral ear hearing thresholds in unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss
type: item
description: Aim: To evaluate changes in hearing thresholds of the clinically unaffected contralateral ear before and after hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in patients treated for unilateral idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). Materials and Methods: In this single-center retrospective observational study, pure-tone audiograms (250 Hz–8 kHz) of the contralateral ears of 101 patients who underwent HBOT were compared before and after treatment. Each session lasted approximately 120 minutes at 2.4 ATA, including compression, oxygen exposure, and decompression phases. Thresholds were age-corrected according to ISO 7029:2017. Depending on distributional assumptions, Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used for paired comparisons (α=0.05). The median number of sessions was 20 (IQR: 10–20). Results: No significant changes were observed across most frequencies. Only at 6000 Hz, a minimal but statistically significant difference was detected (p=0.0049). The hearing thresholds at other frequencies remained stable. Conclusion: Overall, HBOT was not associated with substantial changes in contralateral hearing thresholds. The minor threshold shift observed at 6 kHz may suggest noise exposure during treatment sessions rather than oxidative stress. This highlights the importance of monitoring high-frequency hearing and emphasizes the need for noise control measures during therapy. These findings confirm that HBOT is generally safe for the unaffected ear.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hyperbaric oxygen treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: Sensorineural hearing loss
  topic: keywords
subject: Occupational noise
  topic: keywords
subject: Alternative therapies
  topic: keywords
creator: Taylan Zaman
creator: Recep Ozkan
creator: Kubra Ozgok Kangal
creator: Osman Turkmen
creator: Levent Yucel
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-02-25
publication date: 2026-02-25
starting page: 073
ending page: 078

The role of mood in complex regional pain syndrome: Cause or consequence?
type: item
description: Aim: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) involves pain and dysfunction in multiple nervous system pathways. Psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and difficulty coping often accompany the physical aspects of the condition. This study sought to examine whether mood-related factors play a causal role in the onset of CRPS or if individuals with pre-existing psychological conditions exhibit increased susceptibility to its development. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that included 131 patients with a history of trauma or surgery who were referred for rehabilitation within the first three months following the incident. Among them, 70 patients were diagnosed with CRPS, while 61 patients formed the control group. Each participant underwent evaluation through the Short Form-36, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Beck Depression Inventory, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Results: The study included 62 men and 69 women, with no significant differences in anxiety and depression scores observed between the CRPS group and the control group (p>0.05 for both). However, individuals with CRPS reported notably higher scores on the VAS (p<0.05). In addition, their scores were significantly lower in the Short Form-36 subdomains related to pain intensity (p<0.05), social functioning (p < 0.05), and physical role limitations (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate that an individual's baseline mood does not seem to contribute to the development of CRPS. These mood changes may be only the result of the disease, as pain level, social function, and physical role were determined to be worse in these patients.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Anxiety
  topic: keywords
subject: Complex regional pain syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: Depression
  topic: keywords
subject: Mood
  topic: keywords
subject: Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
  topic: keywords
creator: Ozlem Kuculmez
creator: Emine Dundar Ahi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-02-25
publication date: 2026-02-25
starting page: 060
ending page: 066

Volumetric MRI analysis of the pineal gland and brain ventricles in patients with migraine
type: item
description: Aim: Previous studies have reported reduced melatonin levels and elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure in patients with migraine. However, the volumetric characteristics of the pineal gland, which is the primary source of melatonin, and the brain ventricles, which serve as CSF reservoirs, have not been sufficiently investigated. This study analyzed the volumes of the pineal gland and brain ventricles in migraine patients. Materials and Methods: The study included 21 migraine patients and 22 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Brain volumetric analyses were performed using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Pineal gland volumes were manually segmented and measured using ITK-SNAP software, while ventricular volumes were automatically computed using volBrain software. All volumetric measurements were expressed in cubic centimeters (cm³). Results: The groups were comparable in terms of age (p=0.730), gender (p=0.420), and body mass index (p=0.082). Pineal gland volume was significantly reduced in the migraine group. An ANCOVA controlling for total intracranial volume confirmed this significant reduction (F(1, 39) = 34.95, p<0.001, partial η² = 0.473). Likewise, ventricular volumes were significantly smaller in migraine patients (p<0.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that the reduction in pineal gland volume in migraine patients occurs independently of overall brain size, pointing to a specific structural change relevant to the underlying pathology of the disease.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pineal gland
  topic: keywords
subject: Cerebral ventricles
  topic: keywords
subject: Migraine
  topic: keywords
subject: Headache
  topic: keywords
creator: Ahmet Payas
creator: Hamit Aksoy
creator: Şule Göktürk
creator: Yasin Göktürk
creator: Hasan Yıldırım
creator: Hikmet Kocaman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-02-25
publication date: 2026-02-25
starting page: 067
ending page: 072

Evaluation of conventional histopathological scoring in breast carcinoma using artificial intelligence technologies
type: item
description: Aim: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women, and early detection plays a critical role in the success of treatment. The Ki-67 proliferation index is widely used to evaluate tumor cell proliferation; however, its manual scoring process is observer-dependent, time-consuming, and inherently subjective. This study aims to assess Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining using deep learning algorithms in an objective, rapid, and reproducible manner, and to compare the model’s performance with conventional scoring methods. Materials and Methods: In the first phase of the study, a dataset was created using digital images of Ki-67-stained histological sections obtained from patients diagnosed with breast cancer. These images were used to train a machine learning algorithm. In the second phase, 50 new Ki-67-stained tissue sections previously unseen by the model were digitized, and the model’s predictions were compared with Ki-67 index values calculated by conventional manual assessment. Results: The developed model achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) of 8.69%, a root mean square error (RMSE) of 13.00%, and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.540 in overall prediction performance. For cases with low proliferation (Ki-67<20%), the model demonstrated high accuracy (MAE: 5.31%). Binary classification based on a 20% threshold yielded 80% accuracy, 80% sensitivity, 90% precision, and an F1 score of 0.84. Conclusion: The use of artificial intelligence algorithms in Ki-67 assessment demonstrated successful performance, with an MAE of 8.69%, and has the potential to reduce pathologists' workload during the preliminary evaluation phase. The findings suggest that, with further refinement, the proposed model could contribute to more objective, consistent, and reproducible assessments in breast cancer diagnostics.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Breast cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: Ki-67
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Deep learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial neural network
  topic: keywords
creator: Seda Cetinkaya Karabekir
creator: Aylin Gokhan
creator: Hilal Arslan
creator: Burak Keskin
creator: Adile Ferda Dagli
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 033
ending page: 042

Effect of adding bone marrow aspirate injection to core decompression on clinical outcomes in the treatment of femoral head avascular necrosis
type: item
description: Aim: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is a progressive condition that often affects young individuals and may ultimately require total hip arthroplasty (THA). Core decompression (CD) is a widely used joint-preserving surgical technique, and bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) injection has been proposed as an adjunct to enhance outcomes by promoting vascularization and cartilage repair. To compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients treated with CD alone versus CD combined with BMAC injection for ANFH. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with ANFH who underwent CD with or without BMAC injection were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic characteristics, preoperative and 1-year Harris Hip Score (HHS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, Steinberg stage, and the need for THA during follow-up were recorded. All diagnoses were confirmed by MRI and radiography. Results: A total of 42 hips (30 males, 12 females; mean age 41.8 years, range 14–66) were analyzed. BMAC injection was performed in 28 hips (66.7%) and not performed in 14 hips (33.3%). At 1-year follow-up, Steinberg stage progression was observed in 73.8% of hips, while 26.2% showed regression. THA was required in 14.3% of patients overall—7% in the BMAC group versus 28% in the CD-only group (p = 0.1). VAS scores decreased in 32% of BMAC-treated hips versus 21% in CD-only hips (p>0.05). Improvement in HHS was seen in 60% of the BMAC group versus 50% of the CD-only group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Although statistical significance was not reached, the addition of BMAC to core decompression showed a trend toward reduced THA conversion and improved hip function. These findings suggest a potential benefit that warrants further investigation in larger, prospective studies before routine use can be recommended.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Avascular necrosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Femoral head
  topic: keywords
subject: Core decompression
  topic: keywords
subject: Bone marrow aspirate concentrate
  topic: keywords
subject: Total hip arthroplasty
  topic: keywords
subject: Hip preservation
  topic: keywords
creator: Murat Taşcı
creator: Mustafa Murat Hakyoldaş
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 043
ending page: 047

Low dose cytarabine-induced posterior reversible encepalopathy syndrome with atypical features
type: item
description: None
subject: Image
  topic: section
creator: Mehmet Fatih Erbay
creator: Ilhami Berber
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-25
publication date: 2025-12-25
starting page: 574
ending page: 575

Renal outcomes of children with ectopic kidneys: A single-center experience
type: item
description: Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, associated anomalies, and outcomes of children diagnosed with renal ectopia in a single tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 58 children with renal ectopia who were followed up between January 2024 and June 2025. Data on demographics, anomalies, laboratory findings, imaging findings, and treatments were analyzed. Results: Among 58 patients (mean age 71.6 ± 56.4 months; 33 females, 25 males), 26 (44.8%) had right renal ectopia and 32 (55.2%) had left renal ectopia. Crossed renal ectopia was present in 9 (15.5%) patients, of whom 7 (77.8%) had crossed-fused renal ectopia. Additional urogenital anomalies included hydronephrosis in 7 (12.1%), neurogenic bladder in 4 (6.9%), and vesicoureteral reflux in 3 (5.2%). Prenatal diagnosis was achieved in 4 (6.9%) patients. Consanguinity was noted in 28 patients (48.3%), and 11 patients (19.0%) had a family history of CAKUT. Voiding cystourethrography was performed in 12 patients (20.7%) and high-grade vesicoureteral reflux was identified in 3 patients. Renal scarring was detected in 8 (15.1%) of the 53 patients who underwent DMSA scintigraphy; of these, 1 patient had hypertension, 1 had proteinuria, 1 was followed with stage 2 chronic kidney disease, and 1 with stage 5 chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: Renal ectopia may be accompanied by additional urogenital anomalies. Early diagnosis and comprehensive evaluation are essential for optimal management and prognosis.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Renal ectopia
  topic: keywords
subject: Crossed renal ectopia
  topic: keywords
subject: Congenital anomalies
  topic: keywords
creator: Zehra Aydin
creator: Emine Ozlem Cam Delebe
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-02-25
publication date: 2026-02-25
starting page: 056
ending page: 059

Prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases and associated risk factors among primary school children in the Malatya region
type: item
description: Aim: In recent years, a significant increase has been observed in the prevalence of allergic diseases during childhood. This study aims to determine the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis among children aged 6–7 living in the city center of Malatya, as well as to analyze potential environmental and familial risk factors associated with these conditions. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between December 2023 and January 2024 in primary schools located in central Malatya, using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire protocol. A total of 431 children were included. Participants were evaluated based on demographic characteristics, environmental exposures, family history, and symptoms related to asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. The collected data were analyzed statistically. Results: Lifetime wheezing was reported in 20% of the children, while 18.6% reported wheezing within the past 12 months. The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 4.2%. Allergic rhinitis symptoms were reported in 32.7% of the children throughout their lifetime and in 29.9% during the last year, while the rate of physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis was 6.7%. The lifetime prevalence of atopic dermatitis was 8.8%, and the physician-diagnosed rate was 2.6%. Family history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and premature birth were identified as significant risk factors (p<0.05). No statistically significant association was found with gender, exposure to tobacco smoke, pet ownership, mode of delivery, parental consanguinity, or the presence of mold in the home. Conclusion: These findings confirm that allergic diseases represent a significant public health burden among children in Malatya. The results specifically highlight family history and perinatal factors as major determinants of disease prevalence in this population.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hypersensitivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Asthma
  topic: keywords
subject: Prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk factors
  topic: keywords
subject: Population based study
  topic: keywords
creator: Murat Caglar Sahin
creator: Ercan Yilmaz
creator: Erdem Topal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 013
ending page: 018

Evaluation of clinical and neonatal outcomes of cancer in pregnancy and patients in remission
type: item
description: Aim: To retrospectively examine patients diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy and compare the maternal and natal outcomes of these patients with those in cancer remission and healthy pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This study was designed at a single tertiary care center. A total of 99 patients were included, of whom 18 were diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy, 21 had a pregestational history of cancer and were in remission, and 60 were healthy controls. Results: Breast cancer was the most frequently detected malignancy during pregnancy. The average cancer during pregnancy was seen at the 21st week. Diagnostic methods included various biopsy methods and magnetic resonance imaging. Some patients underwent cancer-related surgery and chemotherapy during pregnancy. Two patients diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy died. Neonatal and maternal intensive care requirements were found to be higher in patients diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy compared to the other two groups. Additionally, neonatal birth weight was lower than that observed in healthy pregnancies. Conclusion: We consider the monitoring and management of patients diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy to be a critical issue for ensuring optimal maternal and fetal health outcomes, and we emphasize the need for further research in this field.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Active cancer during pregnancy
  topic: keywords
subject: Maternal mortality
  topic: keywords
subject: Neonatal intensive care requirements
  topic: keywords
creator: Burcu Bozkurt Ozdal
creator: Atakan Tanacan
creator: Ayse Altindis Bal
creator: Ece Atalay
creator: Esra Karatas
creator: Sukru Bakirci
creator: Fatma Doga Ocal
creator: Dilek Sahin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 027
ending page: 032

Evaluation of muscle strength and range of motion of upper extremity in breast cancer-related lymphedema
type: item
description: Aim: The objective of this study was to examine the impact of lymphedema on the muscle strength and range of motion of the upper extremities in breast cancer patients with lymphedema. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one female breast cancer survivors with lymphedema were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. The measurement of shoulder, elbow, and wrist flexion and extension strength was conducted using a hand-held dynamometer on both affected and unaffected upper extremities. Subsequently, a digital goniometer was utilized to assess the range of motion in both the affected and unaffected upper extremities. Results: A median age of 61 years (with an interquartile range of 55 to 69 years) was reported for the patients, and dominant right upper extremity was noted for all. The study revealed that the affected extremity exhibited reduced shoulder flexion and extension muscle strength and range of motion, and decreased elbow flexion muscle strength when compared to the unaffected upper extremity (p<0.05). However, a lack of statistical significance was observed in the comparison of elbow extension, wrist flexion and extension strength, and elbow and wrist joint range of motion between the two extremities (p>0.05). Conclusion: In cancer-associated lymphedema, limitations in muscle strength and range of motion are primarily localized to the shoulder region. These findings may serve as a guide for clinicians in the development of targeted rehabilitation interventions, with the aim of restoring mobility and strength in the areas most affected by lymphedema.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Lymphedema
  topic: keywords
subject: Muscle strength
  topic: keywords
subject: Range of motion
  topic: keywords
creator: Furkan Kadir Gurlek
creator: Hande Ozdemir
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-02-25
publication date: 2026-02-25
starting page: 048
ending page: 055

Comparison of neuroendocrine responses between caudal block and local infiltration techniques in pediatric inguinal hernia surgery: A prospective comparative clinical study
type: item
description: Aim: This study aimed to compare the effects of caudal anesthesia and local wound infiltration on postoperative stress hormone responses (cortisol and prolactin) and pain scores in pediatric patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair. Materials and Methods: A total of 64 children aged 1–4 years, classified as ASA I, scheduled for elective unilateral inguinal hernia surgery were randomized into two groups: caudal anesthesia (Group C) and local infiltration (Group I). All patients received general anesthesia. Group C received 1 mL/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine via the caudal route, while Group I received 0.25 mL/kg of 5 mg/mL bupivacaine via 23-gauge needle infiltration. Postoperative pain was assessed using the CHEOPS scale at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th hours by a blinded anesthesiologist. Blood samples for cortisol and prolactin levels were collected before induction and 40 minutes after surgery and analyzed by ECLIA. Results: No significant differences were found between groups in postoperative cortisol and prolactin levels. Pain scores were also similar at all time points (p>0.05). A significant positive correlation was observed between preoperative and postoperative prolactin levels (p<0.05). Anesthesia and surgical durations were longer in the caudal group (p<0.05), while fentanyl requirements were similar. Conclusion: Both caudal block and wound infiltration provide comparable postoperative analgesia and hormonal stress response control in pediatric inguinal hernia surgeries. Given its shorter application time, local infiltration may offer a practical alternative in suitable clinical settings.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Postoperative pain
  topic: keywords
subject: Inguinal hernia
  topic: keywords
subject: Wound infiltration
  topic: keywords
subject: Caudal block
  topic: keywords
subject: Stress hormone
  topic: keywords
creator: Olcay Dilken
creator: Mustafa Altinay
creator: Batuhan Bostan
creator: Feyzullah Orkut Duran
creator: Betul Duran
creator: Sevde Sumeyye Iraz Soyalp
creator: Merve Ipekoglu
creator: Ayse Surhan Cinar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 006
ending page: 012

Eating behaviors in individuals over the age of 18 years who applied to a family health center and the associated factors
type: item
description: Aim: This study aimed to determine the eating behaviors of individuals over the age of 18 years who applied to a family health center as well as the associated factors. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,684 adults aged 18 years who attended two Family Health Centers in Elazığ, Turkey. Participants voluntarily completed a questionnaire, including sociodemographic items and the AEBQ, through face-to-face interviews. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Non-Interventional Clinical Trials. Statistical analyses, including t-tests, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression, were used to examine associations between eating behaviors and sociodemographic and health-related factors. Results: The participants’ emotional eating (EE) scores were high, whereas the other AEBQ subscale and total scores were moderate. Higher AEBQ scores were observed in individuals aged ≥55 years, married, childless, with higher income, with chronic diseases, or with physical disabilities. Positive correlations were found between age, number of children, chronic disease duration, physical disability duration, BMI, and AEBQ scores. Conclusion: The study demonstrates significant associations between sociodemographic and health-related factors and EEBs. These findings support the need for further research using the AEBQ and may guide interventions to promote healthier eating habits and improve the health of the population.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Eating behaviors
  topic: keywords
subject: Eating behavior factors
  topic: keywords
subject: Family health center
  topic: keywords
creator: Erhan Atici
creator: Aliye Bulut
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 019
ending page: 026

In silico characterization of missense mutations in PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling genes in breast cancer and their role in therapeutic resistance
type: item
description: Aim: This study aimed to investigate the most frequent missense mutations in key genes of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to evaluate their potential role in the progression of breast cancer and the development of therapy resistance using computational analyses. Materials and Methods: Nine genes involved in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway were systematically analyzed by screening mutation databases and applying a range of computational prediction tools to assess the possible deleterious effects of missense variants on protein function and pathway regulation. Results: Several mutations with predicted deleterious effects were identified, including PTEN (D92H, D92N, R130G, R130Q, C136R, and C136Y), AKT1 (L52R), and AKT2 (R170W). These variants were predicted to contribute to aberrant PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation, enhanced cancer cell survival, and therapeutic resistance in breast cancer. Conclusion: The findings provided insights into the mutational landscape of breast cancer, proposing potential biomarkers for risk stratification and novel therapeutic targets. Further experimental validation and functional studies are recommended to clarify the clinical significance of these mutations and to guide the development of personalized interventions for breast cancer.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Breast cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
  topic: keywords
subject: Missense mutations
  topic: keywords
subject: Computational analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Therapy resistance
  topic: keywords
creator: Betul Akcesme
creator: Haris Lokvančić
creator: Nadia Islam
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-25
publication date: 2025-12-25
starting page: 541
ending page: 551

Intraventricular migration of intraocular silicone oil: A rare case with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings
type: item
description: Intraocular silicone oil (SiO) is widely used as a long-term internal tamponade agent in the surgical treatment of various vitreoretinal disorders. A rare but diagnostically critical complication of SiO is its migration into the brain ventricles. Although few such cases have been reported, this condition may mimic serious pathologies, such as intraventricular hemorrhage. In this case report, intraventricular migration of SiO was identified in an 81-year-old woman with a history of vitreoretinal surgery for diabetic retinopathy–related retinal detachment. The patient presented with dizziness, imbalance, and nausea, and neuroimaging revealed hyperdense layering within the bilateral frontal horns on noncontrast brain computed tomography. These findings may mimic acute intraventricular hemorrhage, highlighting the importance of clinical and radiological correlation for accurate differential diagnosis. Additionally, the patient was concurrently diagnosed with a cerebellar infarction. Awareness of this rare complication may help prevent unnecessary interventions and potential treatment errors in patients presenting with stroke-like symptoms.
subject: Case Reports
  topic: section
subject: Intraventricular migration
  topic: keywords
subject: Silicone oil
  topic: keywords
subject: Retinal surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Intraventricular silicone oil
  topic: keywords
subject: Neuroimaging
  topic: keywords
creator: Ali Salbas
creator: Bilgenur Aksoy
creator: Mustafa Fazil Gelal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-25
publication date: 2025-11-25
starting page: 518
ending page: 520

The effect of tartrazine and thymoquinone on the antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation in brain tissue
type: item
description: Aim: To investigate the possible effects of harmful Tartrazine and protective Thymoquinone on brain tissue in Wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two rats were divided into 4 groups: Control (n=8), Tartrazine (n=8), Thymoquinone (n=8), and a combination of Tartrazine and Thymoquinone (n=8). Tartrazine and Thymoquinone were administered orally via gavage for 3 weeks, and the brain tissues were collected after the 3-week period. Oxidant-antioxidant parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) were examined. Results: There were differences between the Tartrazine and all other groups. Tartrazine administration led to a significant increase in MDA and SOD enzymes activity levels in brain tissue. It also caused a significant decrease in reduced GSH, GSH-Px and CAT activities. Thymoquinone administration caused an increase in GSH, GSH-Px enzymes activity, and CAT enzymes activity levels compared to all other groups. Conclusion: This study examined the effects of tartrazine and thymoquinone on brain tissue found that tartrazine has neurotoxic effects. We believe that the neurotoxicity caused by tartrazine results from oxidative stress, increased oxidant capacity, and decreased antioxidant capacity. Thymoquinone may serve as a neuroprotective agent because it significantly increased antioxidant capacity.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Tartrazine
  topic: keywords
subject: Thymoquinone
  topic: keywords
subject: Brain
  topic: keywords
subject: Oxidative stress
  topic: keywords
subject: Rats
  topic: keywords
creator: Zeynep Erdemli
creator: Nursena Demircigil
creator: Mehmet Erman Erdemli
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 001
ending page: 005

Association of hOGG1 and APE1 gene polymorphisms with disease severity in ulcerative colitis: A case-control study
type: item
description: Aim: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon characterized by excessive oxidative stress and impaired DNA repair mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between two key base excision repair gene polymorphisms—APE1 (Asp148Glu) and hOGG1 (Ser326Cys)—and clinical features of UC, particularly disease activity. Materials and Methods: Ninety-nine UC patients, 50 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Peripheral blood samples were collected for DNA extraction, and genotyping was performed using real-time PCR and melting curve analysis. Clinical data, including disease duration, location, and activity based on the Truelove-Witts index, were analyzed about genetic variants. Results: No significant differences were found in the genotype or allele frequencies of APE1 and hOGG1 between UC, CRC, and control groups. However, the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism was significantly more frequent in UC patients with severe disease activity (p = 0.034), suggesting a possible role in disease progression. Conclusion: The hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism may be associated with increased disease severity in UC and could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker. Further studies are needed to validate this finding in larger cohorts.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ulcerative colitis
  topic: keywords
subject: DNA repair
  topic: keywords
subject: Genetic polymorphism
  topic: keywords
subject: Reactive oxygen species
  topic: keywords
creator: Elif Altunel Kilinc
creator: Yuksel Seckin
creator: Gonca Gulbay
creator: Elif Yesilada
creator: Yasir Furkan Cagin
creator: Ibrahim Orman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-25
publication date: 2025-12-25
starting page: 535
ending page: 540

Metabolic imaging of head and neck lesions: Differentiating dental and maxillofacial conditions using positron emission tomography/computed tomography
type: item
description: Aim: Fluorine-18-labeled fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) is an essential oncologic imaging modality, but its uptake patterns may also be seen in benign inflammatory or structural oral conditions, leading to diagnostic confusion. This study aims to compare metabolic activity with maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) among common dento-maxillofacial conditions—dental artifacts, periodontal infections, maxillary sinus pathologies, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders—against confirmed malignant lesions, to guide differential diagnosis and improve clinical interpretation. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 FDG-PET/CT scans were retrospectively analyzed. Inclusion criteria comprised pre-treatment scans with available CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquired within four weeks. Patients were categorized into five groups: Dental Artifacts (n=19), Periodontal Infections (n=23), Maxillary Sinus Pathologies (n=21), TMJ Pathologies (n=19), and Malignant Dento-maxillofacial Lesions (n=18; control group). All scans were reviewed by an oral and maxillofacial radiologist and a radiologist. SUVmax were calculated using a 42% threshold. Statistical analyses were conducted using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction. Results: Significant differences in SUVmax were observed across all groups (χ² = 77.4, p < 0.000001). The malignant lesion group demonstrated the highest metabolic activity (mean SUVmax = 12.5 ± 3.0), significantly greater than all other groups (p<0.000001). Among non-malignant conditions, maxillary sinus pathologies showed the highest SUVmax (4.2 ± 1.0), followed by periodontal infections (3.5 ± 0.8). TMJ pathologies and dental artifacts exhibited the lowest FDG uptake (2.0 ± 0.6 and 2.5 ± 0.7, respectively), suggesting minimal metabolic activity. Conclusion: This study confirms that malignant dento-maxillofacial lesions exhibit significantly higher FDG uptake compa…
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: FDG-PET/CT
  topic: keywords
subject: SUVmax,
  topic: keywords
subject: Dento-maxillofacial lesions
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: Metabolic imaging
  topic: keywords
creator: Melisa Ocbe
creator: Mahmut Sabri Medisoglu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-25
publication date: 2025-12-25
starting page: 528
ending page: 534

Pan-immune inflammation value in systemic lupus erythematosus: Is it associated with organ involvement?
type: item
description: Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between pan-immune inflammation value (PIIV) and both disease activity and organ involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Materials and Methods: A total of 50 adult SLE patients, meeting the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria, and 35 healthy volunteers were included in the study. PIIV was determined using the formula: [neutrophil × platelet × monocyte] / lymphocyte. Disease activity was evaluated with the SLEDAI-2K index. The relationship between PIIV and clinical findings, organ involvement, laboratory results, and disease activity was assessed. Results: PIIV levels were markedly higher in SLE patients compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Patients with cardiac involvement had elevated PIIV values compared to those without heart involvement (p < 0.05). On the other hand, individuals receiving hydroxychloroquine therapy showed lower PIIV than those not using the drug (p = 0.019). No clear correlation was observed between PIIV and SLEDAI-2K scores (p = 0.532). Conclusion: The findings indicate that PIIV levels are increased in SLE patients compared with healthy controls, suggesting its potential role as a supportive diagnostic marker. Additionally, higher PIIV in patients with cardiovascular involvement and lower values in those treated with hydroxychloroquine imply that PIIV could be considered a useful biomarker for evaluating and tracking cardiovascular risk in SLE.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Systemic lupus erythematosus
  topic: keywords
subject: Pan-immune inflammation value
  topic: keywords
subject: Disease activity
  topic: keywords
subject: Cardiac involvement
  topic: keywords
creator: Elif İnanç
creator: Servet Yolbaş
creator: Fuat Albayram
creator: Sezgin Zontul
creator: Zeynep Kaya
creator: Mesude Seda Aydoğdu
creator: İpek Balıkçı Çiçek
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-25
publication date: 2025-12-25
starting page: 566
ending page: 573

Examination of thoracic deformities in patients with different clinical types of cerebral palsy
type: item
description: Aim: Cerebral Palsy is a clinical condition that causes permanent but non-progressive damage to the developing brain and can affect multiple systems. This study aimed to evaluate functional levels by assessing thoracic deformities across different clinical types of cerebral palsy (CP) and by gender, while also comparing anthropometric measurements between individuals with CP and a healthy control group. Materials and Methods: Between the ages of 6 and 12 years, a total of 154 patients diagnosed with cerebral palsy (91 males, 63 females) and 40 healthy individuals (20 males, 20 females) were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, clinical type of CP, secondary findings, thoracic deformity, anthropometric measurements, and functionality levels were obtained from the patients. A tape measure and caliper were used for anthropometric measurements. Results: The results indicated that the spastic type was the most prevalent clinical presentation of CP, with intellectual disability being the most common secondary problem. Among thoracic deformities, pectus excavatum was the most frequent anterior chest wall deformity, observed in 9.52% of females and 16.48% of males. Scoliosis was the most common spinal deformity, affecting 26.98% of females and 21.98% of males. Functionally, most patients were classified at GMFCS level II and Ambulation Group 1, although thoracic deformities were more prevalent in Group 2 patients. Furthermore, anthropometric measurements of patients with CP were significantly lower than those of healthy individuals, with statistically significant differences observed between Group 1, Group 2, and the healthy control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Cerebral palsy has a substantial impact on anthropometric measurements, musculoskeletal integrity, and the functional performance of the patients. Consequently, regular monitoring of the thoracic area is essential. The inclusion of thoracic evaluations in routine follow-up and treatment plans will likel…
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Anthropometry
  topic: keywords
subject: Functionality
  topic: keywords
subject: Cerebral palsy
  topic: keywords
subject: Thoracic deformity
  topic: keywords
creator: Selma Solgun Dag
creator: Davut Ozbag
creator: Egemen Kizilay
creator: Sevda Canbay Durmaz
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-25
publication date: 2025-12-25
starting page: 521
ending page: 527

Evaluation of clinical, radiological characteristics, and treatment outcomes of pediatric pseudotumor cerebri syndrome cases
type: item
description: Aim: This study aims to evaluate the clinical, radiological, and treatment outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 21 children diagnosed with definite or possible Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome according to the revised Friedman diagnostic criteria, out of 115 patients evaluated between 2017 and 2019 at a pediatric neurology clinic. Clinical findings, radiological features, treatment responses, and prognosis were analyzed. Results: The study cohort was predominantly female (85.7%), with a mean age of 12.8 years. The most common presenting symptoms were headache, visual disturbances, and vomiting. A key diagnostic finding was elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure (>280 mmH₂O), observed in 67% of patients. Two-thirds of the cases (66.6%) were classified as Primary Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome, while the remaining third (33.4%) were secondary, most frequently attributed to drug exposure or vitamin imbalances. The majority of patients showed significant clinical improvement following medical treatment with high-dose acetazolamide. Only a few required adjunctive therapies such as topiramate or corticosteroids, and recurrence was documented in only a single case. Additionally, MRI findings supportive of the diagnosis were present in a subset of patients. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment of Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome in children can prevent permanent visual complications. A multidisciplinary approach, including ophthalmology and pediatric neurology, is essential for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and favorable outcomes.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pseudotumor cerebri syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: Pediatric neurology
  topic: keywords
subject: Increased intracranial pressure
  topic: keywords
subject: Acetazolamide treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: Papilledema
  topic: keywords
creator: Arzu Eroglu
creator: Demet Aydogdu
creator: Ahmet Guven
creator: Huseyin Caksen
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-25
publication date: 2025-11-25
starting page: 506
ending page: 511

A comparative study of nerve-sparing techniques in open radical prostatectomy: Antegrade versus retrograde
type: item
description: Aim: To compare perioperative, oncological, and functional outcomes between antegrade and retrograde nerve-sparing techniques in open radical prostatectomy (ORP). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 278 patients who underwent open radical prostatectomy (ORP) performed by a single surgeon between 2016 and 2025. Patients were divided based on the nerve-sparing approach: antegrade (n=90) or retrograde (n=188). Demographic characteristics, perioperative variables, pathological outcomes, biochemical recurrence (BCR), urinary continence, and erectile function were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of BCR. Results: Retrograde ORP demonstrated a shorter operative time compared with the antegrade technique (151.1 vs. 166.5 minutes, p<0.001), whereas the antegrade group was associated with lower intraoperative blood loss (437 vs. 517 mL, p=0.047). Biochemical recurrence was significantly higher in the antegrade group (33.3% vs. 18.8%, p=0.008). Postoperative functional outcomes, including urinary continence (p=0.524) and erectile function (p=0.230), were comparable between the groups. In multivariable logistic regression, the retrograde approach independently reduced the risk of biochemical recurrence (OR 0.38; 95% CI: 0.19–0.76; p=0.0058). Conclusion: It is evident that both techniques are safe and effective in ORP. The retrograde approach was associated with more favourable oncological outcomes, whereas the antegrade technique provided better intraoperative hemostasis. The choice of surgical approach should be individualized based on tumor characteristics and surgeon expertise.
subject: Original Articles
  topic: section
subject: Prostatectomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Nerve-sparing
  topic: keywords
subject: Prostate cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: Open surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Biochemical recurrence
  topic: keywords
creator: Serkan Ozcan
creator: Hakan Tekinaslan
creator: Osman Kose
creator: Enis Mert Yorulmaz
creator: Sacit Nuri Gorgel
creator: Yigit Akin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Annals of Medical Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-25
publication date: 2025-11-25
starting page: 499
ending page: 505